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India Rebuffs New Efforts for Binding Carbon Targets
By MARK LANDLER
Published: July 19, 2009
NEW DELHI — India served notice on Sunday that it remains opposed to legally binding targets to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, digging in its heels against the United States as the Obama administration begins marshaling support for a new global agreement on climate change.
India voiced its rejection of the American position in an awkwardly public forum: during a visit by Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton to an energy-efficient office building on the outskirts of New Delhi that was supposed to celebrate cooperation between India and the United States on climate policy.
In a closed-door meeting with Mrs. Clinton after she marveled at the building’s high-tech features, India’s environment minister, Jairam Ramesh, said, “There is simply no case for the pressure that we, who have among the lowest emissions per capita, face to actually reduce emissions.”
“If this pressure is not enough,” he continued, “we also face the threat of carbon tariffs on our exports to countries such as yours.”
Mr. Ramesh handed out his statement to reporters and reiterated his views at a news conference, with Mrs. Clinton and her special envoy for climate change, Todd Stern, standing stiffly behind him.
India’s refusal to accept mandatory cuts in emissions is neither new nor unique: China also opposes a deal with compulsory targets. Both countries say their economic growth should not be constrained when the West never faced such restrictions during its period of industrialization.
But India’s tough tactics underscore the challenge for President Obama as he seeks to hammer out a global deal before a critical United Nations climate conference in Copenhagen in December. American officials said they did not expect their differences to be aired during what was supposed to be an upbeat event, though they insisted they did not feel betrayed.
Mrs. Clinton, making the first visit to India by a top administration official, was at pains to reassure her hosts that the United States had no intention to force them into an economically crippling deal.
“No one wants to, in any way, stall or undermine economic growth that is necessary to lift millions more people out of poverty,” Mrs. Clinton said at the news conference. “The United States does not, and will not, do anything that would limit India’s economic progress.”
New Delhi’s stance may reflect its pique at a climate bill recently passed by the House of Representatives, which would impose trade sanctions on countries that did not accept binding emissions cuts.
It may also reflect domestic political pressure because India recently acceded to a statement by the Group of Eight industrial countries, which endorsed far-reaching reductions in global emissions and pledged to cap the rise in temperatures because of global warming to 2 degrees Celsius.
Indian newspapers questioned whether their government was setting the stage for further concessions on emissions. Even Mr. Stern’s presence here has raised eyebrows: On Saturday, the Times of India published an article with the headline, “Climate man’s visit shocks India.” American officials insist Mrs. Clinton had long planned to bring Mr. Stern with her.
Mr. Stern, a soft-spoken Washington lawyer, portrayed climate change as an economic boon for India, giving it the chance to invest in windmills and solar panels. “India, with its knowledge base and entrepreneurial talent and élan, is well positioned to be a winner,” he said.
Mr. Ramesh leavened his tough words with a promise of cooperation between India and the United States in “green technology.” He proposed teaming up in solar energy and biomass, and setting up joint Indian-American institutions to study the long-term effects of greenhouse-gas emissions.
Despite India’s opposition to binding reductions, he said the Indian government was committed to reaching an agreement in Copenhagen. “It is possible for us to narrow our positions,” he said.
Mrs. Clinton also sought to put a good face on the differences. “We have many more areas of agreement than has perhaps been appreciated,” she said, “and what we’re looking for is a way to have a framework that includes everyone and which demands certain steps.”
She still seemed fascinated by her tour of the office building, known as the ITC Green Center, which has been certified by an American green building council with its highest classification. The squat structure, built around a circular atrium, has windows that allow in a large amount of natural light while blocking heat. The building also recycles its water.
Its owner, ITC Limited, is a conglomerate that operates hotels and owns India’s second-largest cigarette maker — a line of business that Indian officials say has made it eager to be regarded as a good corporate citizen. Mrs. Clinton likened the building to great Indian monuments like the Taj Mahal, though she conceded “no one will confuse it with the Taj Mahal.”
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